The material is steel and the internal pressure is 35MPa.
The 2D axisymmetric geometry of the vessel is opened.
The 3D model is created.
3). To define the Element Type, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Element Type - Add/Edit/Delete. Element Types window appears. Click on Add button. Library of Element Types window appears. From left column select Solid and from right column select 20node 186.
SOLID186 is added to the Element Types window. Close the window.
4). To define the Material Properties, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Material Props - Material Models. Define Material Model Behavior window appears. Click Structural - Linear - Elastic - Isotropic. Enter EX = 2e5 and PRXY = 0.3 and click OK.
5). To Mesh the model, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Mesh Tool. Mesh Tool window appears. Click on Global Set button.
Global Element Sizes window appears. In Element edge length box enter 10 and click OK.
Then from Mesh Tool window click on Mesh button. Mesh Volumes window appears. Pick the model and click OK.
The model is meshed.
6). The X translational degrees of freedom for nodes on Y-Z plane are zero. To apply the boundary conditions we need to select the nodes on this plane first. From menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From the first list select Areas and from the second list select By Num/Pick option. Click OK.
Select areas window appears. Then pick the area lying on the Y-Z plane and click OK.
Now from menu click Plot - Areas.
Again from Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From the first list select Nodes and from the second list select Attached to option. Then select Areas, all option. Click OK.
Now from menu click Plot - Nodes.
Now to apply boundary conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Click on Pick All button.
From the window select UX and click OK.
From Menu click Select - Everything. Then from Menu click Plot - Multi-Plots.
Repeat the above procedure to select the nodes of the other face. From Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From first list select Areas and from second list select By Num/Pick option. Click OK.
Select areas window appears. Pick the area as shown in image below and click OK.
Again from Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From first list select Nodes and from second list select Attached to option. Then select Areas, all option. Click OK.
From Menu click Plot - Nodes. The nodes selected nodes appears.
To apply boundary conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Click on Pick All button.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. From the list select UZ option and click OK.
From Menu click Select - Everything. Then from Menu click Plot - Multi-Plots.
Finally the bottom nodes lying on X-Z plane need to be constrained in Y direction.
From Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From first list select Areas and from second list select By Num/Pick option. Click OK.
Select areas window appears. Pick the bottom area and click OK.
Again from Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From first list select Nodes and from second list select Attached to option. Then select Areas, all option and click OK.
From Menu click Plot - Nodes. The selected nodes appears.
To apply boundary conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Click on Pick All button.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. From list select UY and click OK.
From Menu click Select - Everything. Then from Menu click Plot - Multi-Plots.
7). To apply Pressure, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Pressure - On Areas. Apply PRES on Areas window appears. Pick all the internal areas as shown in image below. Click OK.
In Load PRES value box enter 35MPa and click OK .
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Solution Stage:
From Main menu click Solution - Solve - Current LS. Click OK to start solution. Close the window.
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Post Processing Stage:
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. To view the stress results, click Stress - X-Component of stress. Click OK.
Y-Component of stress:
Z-Component of stress:
XY Shear stress:
Von Mises Stress:
To obtain accurate results you can refine the elements in curved area.
To do this first you need to delete the boundary conditions. From Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Delete - All Load Data - All Loads & Opts. A window appears click OK.
To refine the mesh in curved area, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Modify Mesh - Refine At - Areas. Refine mesh at areas window appears. Picked the curved area and click OK.
From the window and from list select option 1 (Minimal) and click OK.
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Pressure Vessel (2D):
1). The 2D model of the vessel was created previously. Now from Menu click File and select Resume from.... Resume Database window appears. From window select the relevant file and click OK.
The 2D axisymmetric geometry of the vessel is opened.
2). To create the 3D model from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Operate - Extrude - Areas - About Axis. Sweep Areas about Axis window appears. Pick the model and click OK.
To define the sweep axis, pick two points as shown in image below. Click OK.
Sweep Area about Axis window appears. In Arc length in degrees box enter 90 and click OK.
The 3D model is created.
3). To define the Element Type, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Element Type - Add/Edit/Delete. Element Types window appears. Click on Add button. Library of Element Types window appears. From left column select Solid and from right column select 20node 186.
SOLID186 is added to the Element Types window. Close the window.
4). To define the Material Properties, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Material Props - Material Models. Define Material Model Behavior window appears. Click Structural - Linear - Elastic - Isotropic. Enter EX = 2e5 and PRXY = 0.3 and click OK.
5). To Mesh the model, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Mesh Tool. Mesh Tool window appears. Click on Global Set button.
Global Element Sizes window appears. In Element edge length box enter 10 and click OK.
Then from Mesh Tool window click on Mesh button. Mesh Volumes window appears. Pick the model and click OK.
The model is meshed.
6). The X translational degrees of freedom for nodes on Y-Z plane are zero. To apply the boundary conditions we need to select the nodes on this plane first. From menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From the first list select Areas and from the second list select By Num/Pick option. Click OK.
Select areas window appears. Then pick the area lying on the Y-Z plane and click OK.
Now from menu click Plot - Areas.
Again from Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From the first list select Nodes and from the second list select Attached to option. Then select Areas, all option. Click OK.
Now from menu click Plot - Nodes.
Now to apply boundary conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Click on Pick All button.
From the window select UX and click OK.
From Menu click Select - Everything. Then from Menu click Plot - Multi-Plots.
Repeat the above procedure to select the nodes of the other face. From Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From first list select Areas and from second list select By Num/Pick option. Click OK.
Select areas window appears. Pick the area as shown in image below and click OK.
Again from Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From first list select Nodes and from second list select Attached to option. Then select Areas, all option. Click OK.
From Menu click Plot - Nodes. The nodes selected nodes appears.
To apply boundary conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Click on Pick All button.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. From the list select UZ option and click OK.
From Menu click Select - Everything. Then from Menu click Plot - Multi-Plots.
Finally the bottom nodes lying on X-Z plane need to be constrained in Y direction.
From Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From first list select Areas and from second list select By Num/Pick option. Click OK.
Select areas window appears. Pick the bottom area and click OK.
Again from Menu click Select - Entities. Select Entities window appears. From first list select Nodes and from second list select Attached to option. Then select Areas, all option and click OK.
From Menu click Plot - Nodes. The selected nodes appears.
To apply boundary conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Click on Pick All button.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. From list select UY and click OK.
From Menu click Select - Everything. Then from Menu click Plot - Multi-Plots.
7). To apply Pressure, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Pressure - On Areas. Apply PRES on Areas window appears. Pick all the internal areas as shown in image below. Click OK.
In Load PRES value box enter 35MPa and click OK .
Solution Stage:
From Main menu click Solution - Solve - Current LS. Click OK to start solution. Close the window.
Post Processing Stage:
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. To view the stress results, click Stress - X-Component of stress. Click OK.
Y-Component of stress:
Z-Component of stress:
XY Shear stress:
Von Mises Stress:
To obtain accurate results you can refine the elements in curved area.
To do this first you need to delete the boundary conditions. From Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Delete - All Load Data - All Loads & Opts. A window appears click OK.
To refine the mesh in curved area, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Modify Mesh - Refine At - Areas. Refine mesh at areas window appears. Picked the curved area and click OK.
From the window and from list select option 1 (Minimal) and click OK.
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Pressure Vessel (2D):
The steel cylinder vessel is considered for the analysis. An internal pressure of 35MPa is applied.
1). To define Element Type, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Element Type - Add/Edit/Delete. Element Types window appears. Click on Add button. Library of Element Types window appears. From left column select Solid and from right column select 8node 82. Click OK.
PLANE82 is added to the Element Types window. Click on Options... button from window. PLANE82 element type options window appears. From element behavior list select Axisymmetric. Click OK and then close Element Types window.
2). To define Material Properties, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Material Props - Material Models. Define Material Model Behavior window appears. From window click Structural - Linear - Elastic - Isotropic.
Enter EX = 2E5 and PRXY = 0.3 and click OK.
3). To create the Geometry, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Keypoints - In Active CS. Create the following keypoints: 1.(75,0,0) - 2.(100,0,0) - 3.(100,200,0) - 4.(0,200,0) - 5.(0,175,0) - 6.(50,175,0) - 7.(75,150,0) - 8.(50,150,0). Click OK.
To connect the points, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Lines - Lines - Straight Line. Connect point 1 - 7, 1 - 2, 2 - 3, 3 - 4, 4 - 5, and 5 - 6. Click OK to close the window.
To create the arc, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Lines - Arcs - By End KPs & Rad. Pick the start and end points and click OK to close the window.
Then pick point number 8 as the center of arc and click OK to close the window.
Arc by End KPs & Radius window appears. In Radius of the arc box enter 25mm and click OK.
To create the area, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Areas - Arbitrary - By Lines. Create Area by Lines window appears. Select Loop option from window and pick one of the lines and then click OK.
4). To Mesh the model, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Mesh Tool. Mesh Tool window appears. Click on Areas Set button. Pick the area and click OK.
Element Size at Picked Area window appears. In Element edge length box enter 10mm and click OK.
From Mesh Tool window click Mesh button. Pick the area and click OK.
As you see the element sizes are too big. You can reduce the element sizes. To do this, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Modify Mesh - Refine At - All. Refine All Selected Elements window appears. From Level of refinement list select number 1 and click OK.
5). To apply Boundary Conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at top left side as shown in image below. Click OK.
From window select UX option and click OK.
Again from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at bottom right side as shown in image below. Click OK.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select UY from list and click OK.
6). To apply Pressure, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Pressure - On Lines. Pick the internal edges as shown in image below. Click OK.
Apply PRES on lines window appears. In Load PRES value box enter 35MPa and click OK.
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Solution Stage:
From Main Menu click Solution - Solve - Current LS. Click OK to start solution. Close the window.
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Post Processing Stage:
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. Click Stress - X-Component of stress (Radial Stress). Click OK.
Y-Component of stress:
Z-Component of stress:
XY Shear stress:
Von Mises stress:
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From Menu click Plot and then click Elements. To gain an accurate results especially in arc area, refine the element sizes at the arc area. Before doing this, we need to remove all the boundary conditions from the model.
From Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Delete - All Load Data - All Loads & Opts. Delete All Loads and LS Options window appears. Click OK.
From Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Modify Mesh - Refine At - Lines. Refine mesh at lines window appears. Pick the arc and click OK.
Refine Mesh at Line window appears. From Level of refinement list select number 1 and click OK.
Again to apply Boundary Conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at top left side as shown in image below. Click OK.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. From list select UX and click OK.
Again from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at bottom right side as shown in image below. Click OK.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. From list select UY and click OK.
To apply Pressure, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Pressure - On Lines. Pick the internal edges as shown in image below. Click OK.
In the Apply PRES on lines window enter 35 MPa in Load PRES value box and click OK.
Now solve the problem. From Main Menu click Solution - Solve - Current LS. Click OK to start solution. Close the window.
Post Processing Stage:
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. Click Stress - von Mises stress. Click OK.
6). To apply Pressure on nodes, first we need to select the nodes. To do this we need to change the coordinate system to Cylindrical coordinate system. Therefore, from Menu click WorkPlane - Change Active CS to - Global Cylindrical.
From Menu click Select - Entities... Select Entities window appears. From the first top list select Nodes option and from second list select By Location option. Enter 1, 1 in Min, Max box. Click OK.
Now from Menu click Plot - Nodes. The selected nodes are appeared.
7). To apply Pressure, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Pressure - On Nodes. Apply PRES on Nodes window appears. Click on Pick All button.
In the next Apply PRES on Nodes window, in Load PRES value box enter 1. Click OK.
From Menu click Select - Everything. To change the coordinate system, from Menu click WorkPlane - Change Active CS to - Global Cartesian.
From Menu click Plot - Multi-Plots.
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Solution Stage:
From Main Menu, click Solution - Solve - Current LS. Click OK to start solution. Close the window.
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Post Processing Stage:
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. Select Stress - X-Component of stress. Click OK.
Y-Component of stress:
XY Shear stress:
Von Mises stress:
To view the stress results in Cylindrical coordinate system, from Main Menu click General Postproc - Options for Outp. Options for Output window appears.
Select the Global cylindric option from list as shown in the image below. Click OK.
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. Select Stress - X-Component of stress. Click OK. The Radial stress result is shown.
PLANE82 is added to the Element Types window. Click on Options... button from window. PLANE82 element type options window appears. From element behavior list select Axisymmetric. Click OK and then close Element Types window.
2). To define Material Properties, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Material Props - Material Models. Define Material Model Behavior window appears. From window click Structural - Linear - Elastic - Isotropic.
Enter EX = 2E5 and PRXY = 0.3 and click OK.
3). To create the Geometry, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Keypoints - In Active CS. Create the following keypoints: 1.(75,0,0) - 2.(100,0,0) - 3.(100,200,0) - 4.(0,200,0) - 5.(0,175,0) - 6.(50,175,0) - 7.(75,150,0) - 8.(50,150,0). Click OK.
To connect the points, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Lines - Lines - Straight Line. Connect point 1 - 7, 1 - 2, 2 - 3, 3 - 4, 4 - 5, and 5 - 6. Click OK to close the window.
To create the arc, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Lines - Arcs - By End KPs & Rad. Pick the start and end points and click OK to close the window.
Then pick point number 8 as the center of arc and click OK to close the window.
Arc by End KPs & Radius window appears. In Radius of the arc box enter 25mm and click OK.
To create the area, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Areas - Arbitrary - By Lines. Create Area by Lines window appears. Select Loop option from window and pick one of the lines and then click OK.
4). To Mesh the model, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Mesh Tool. Mesh Tool window appears. Click on Areas Set button. Pick the area and click OK.
Element Size at Picked Area window appears. In Element edge length box enter 10mm and click OK.
From Mesh Tool window click Mesh button. Pick the area and click OK.
As you see the element sizes are too big. You can reduce the element sizes. To do this, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Modify Mesh - Refine At - All. Refine All Selected Elements window appears. From Level of refinement list select number 1 and click OK.
5). To apply Boundary Conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at top left side as shown in image below. Click OK.
From window select UX option and click OK.
Again from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at bottom right side as shown in image below. Click OK.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select UY from list and click OK.
6). To apply Pressure, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Pressure - On Lines. Pick the internal edges as shown in image below. Click OK.
Apply PRES on lines window appears. In Load PRES value box enter 35MPa and click OK.
Solution Stage:
From Main Menu click Solution - Solve - Current LS. Click OK to start solution. Close the window.
Post Processing Stage:
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. Click Stress - X-Component of stress (Radial Stress). Click OK.
Y-Component of stress:
Z-Component of stress:
XY Shear stress:
Von Mises stress:
From Menu click Plot and then click Elements. To gain an accurate results especially in arc area, refine the element sizes at the arc area. Before doing this, we need to remove all the boundary conditions from the model.
From Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Delete - All Load Data - All Loads & Opts. Delete All Loads and LS Options window appears. Click OK.
From Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Modify Mesh - Refine At - Lines. Refine mesh at lines window appears. Pick the arc and click OK.
Refine Mesh at Line window appears. From Level of refinement list select number 1 and click OK.
Again to apply Boundary Conditions, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at top left side as shown in image below. Click OK.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. From list select UX and click OK.
Again from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at bottom right side as shown in image below. Click OK.
Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. From list select UY and click OK.
To apply Pressure, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Pressure - On Lines. Pick the internal edges as shown in image below. Click OK.
In the Apply PRES on lines window enter 35 MPa in Load PRES value box and click OK.
Now solve the problem. From Main Menu click Solution - Solve - Current LS. Click OK to start solution. Close the window.
Post Processing Stage:
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. Click Stress - von Mises stress. Click OK.
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Plain Strain (Pressure Vessel):
The plane strain model simulates thick geometries that extend long distances away from the 2D plane and cross section is consistent along the longitudinal axis normal to the cutting plane. The assumptions with this simplification model are that there are no forces acting normal to the section plane. Another assumption is that no strains develop normal to the 2D plane. Examples of where one could use the plane strain simplification would be for dams under water pressure loading, sheet rolling, and tunnels under pressure.
This vessel is made up of two cylinders with different materials. Two cylinders are co-axial and tightened together in a way that they do not slide on each other. The aim is to find the contour plot stress.
This vessel is made up of two cylinders with different materials. Two cylinders are co-axial and tightened together in a way that they do not slide on each other. The aim is to find the contour plot stress.
1). To define Element Type, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Element Type - Add/Edit/Delete. Element Types window appears. Click on Add button. Library of Element Types window appears. From left column select Solid and from right column select Quad 4node 42. Click OK.
PLANE42 is added to the Element Types window. Click on Options button.
PLANE42 element type options window appears. From Element behavior list select Plain Strain. Click OK. Close Element Types window.
2). To define Material Properties, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Material Props - Material Models. Define Material Model Behavior window appears. Click Structural - Linear - Elastic - Isotropic. Enter EX = 2 and PRXY = 0.33 for material number 1. Click OK.
To define material properties of the second cylinder, in Define Material Model Behavior window, from menu click Material - New Model...
Define Material ID window appears. Click OK.
Click Structural - Linear - Elastic - Isotropic. Enter EX = 1 and PRXY = 0.33 for material number 2. Click OK.
Material Model Number 1 and 2 are added to the window. Close the window.
3). To create the Geometry, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Areas - Circle - By Dimensions. Circular Area by Dimensions window appears.
Enter Outer Radius = 2, Optional inner radius = 1, Starting angle (degrees) = 0, and Ending angle (degrees) = 90. Click Apply.
Circular Area by Dimensions window appears again.
Enter Outer Radius = 4, Optional inner radius = 2, Starting angle (degrees) = 0, and Ending angle (degrees) = 90. Click OK.
Next stage, connect the independent areas together. From Main Menu click Preprocessor - Modeling - Operate - Booleans - Glue - Areas. Glue Areas window appears. Pick both areas and click OK.
4). To Mesh the model, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Size Cntrls - Manual Size - Global - Size. Global Element Sizes window appears. In Element edge length box enter 0.1 and click OK.
From Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Mesh - Areas - Mapped - 3 or 4 sided. Mesh Areas window appears. Pick the inner cylinder and click OK.
From Menu click Plot - Multi-Plots.
Before meshing the outer cylinder, we need to change the default value of material properties number 1 to material properties number 2.
To do this, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Mesh Attributes - Default Attribs - Meshing Attributes window appears. From Material number list select number 2 and click OK.
Now mesh the second cylinder. From Main Menu click Preprocessor - Meshing - Mesh - Areas - Mapped - 3 or 4 sided. Mesh Areas window appears. Pick the outer cylinder and click OK.
5). To apply Boundary Conditions, from Main menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at top edge as shown in figure below. Click OK.
From Apply U, ROT on Nodes window select UX and click OK.
From Main menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On Nodes. Apply U, ROT on Nodes window appears. Select Box option from window and draw a rectangle to pick all the nodes at bottom edge as shown in figure below. Click OK.
From Apply U, ROT on Nodes window select UY and click OK.
From Menu click Select - Entities... Select Entities window appears. From the first top list select Nodes option and from second list select By Location option. Enter 1, 1 in Min, Max box. Click OK.
Now from Menu click Plot - Nodes. The selected nodes are appeared.
7). To apply Pressure, from Main Menu click Preprocessor - Loads - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Pressure - On Nodes. Apply PRES on Nodes window appears. Click on Pick All button.
In the next Apply PRES on Nodes window, in Load PRES value box enter 1. Click OK.
From Menu click Select - Everything. To change the coordinate system, from Menu click WorkPlane - Change Active CS to - Global Cartesian.
From Menu click Plot - Multi-Plots.
Solution Stage:
From Main Menu, click Solution - Solve - Current LS. Click OK to start solution. Close the window.
Post Processing Stage:
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. Select Stress - X-Component of stress. Click OK.
Y-Component of stress:
XY Shear stress:
Von Mises stress:
To view the stress results in Cylindrical coordinate system, from Main Menu click General Postproc - Options for Outp. Options for Output window appears.
Select the Global cylindric option from list as shown in the image below. Click OK.
From Main Menu click General Postproc - Plot Results - Contour Plot - Nodal Solu. Contour Nodal Solution Data window appears. Select Stress - X-Component of stress. Click OK. The Radial stress result is shown.
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